Grafana & Prometheus Integration

import { Aside, Steps } from ‘@astrojs/starlight/components’;

GreenKube exposes Prometheus metrics at /prometheus/metrics and ships with a pre-built Grafana dashboard for comprehensive FinGreenOps monitoring.

Prometheus Integration

Automatic Setup (kube-prometheus-stack)

If you use the kube-prometheus-stack (Prometheus Operator), the Helm chart automatically creates a ServiceMonitor and a NetworkPolicy:

# In your values.yaml
monitoring:
  serviceMonitor:
    enabled: true            # Creates a ServiceMonitor resource
    namespace: monitoring    # Must match your Prometheus serviceMonitorNamespaceSelector
    interval: 30s
  networkPolicy:
    enabled: true            # Allows Prometheus to reach the GreenKube API port
    prometheusNamespace: monitoring

Manual Prometheus Setup

If you’re not using the Prometheus Operator, add a scrape config manually:

# Add to your prometheus.yml
scrape_configs:
  - job_name: 'greenkube'
    scrape_interval: 30s
    metrics_path: /prometheus/metrics
    static_configs:
      - targets: ['greenkube-api.greenkube.svc.cluster.local:8000']

Exposed Metrics

GreenKube exposes the following Prometheus metrics:

Metric	Type	Description
`greenkube_co2e_grams`	Gauge	CO₂e emissions per pod
`greenkube_energy_joules`	Gauge	Energy consumption per pod
`greenkube_cost_total`	Gauge	Cost per pod
`greenkube_cpu_usage_millicores`	Gauge	CPU utilization per pod
`greenkube_memory_usage_bytes`	Gauge	Memory usage per pod
`greenkube_network_receive_bytes`	Gauge	Network bytes received per pod
`greenkube_network_transmit_bytes`	Gauge	Network bytes transmitted per pod
`greenkube_grid_intensity`	Gauge	Grid carbon intensity per zone
`greenkube_recommendation_total`	Gauge	Recommendation counts by type
`greenkube_node_info`	Info	Node metadata (instance type, zone, capacity)

All metrics include labels for pod, namespace, node, and zone where applicable.

Grafana Dashboard

Import the Dashboard

Get the dashboard JSON

The dashboard file is at dashboards/greenkube-grafana.json in the GreenKube repository.
Import in Grafana

In Grafana, go to Dashboards → Import, then either:
- Upload the greenkube-grafana.json file, or
- Paste the JSON content directly
Select your data source

Choose the Prometheus data source that scrapes GreenKube metrics.
Click Import

The dashboard is ready to use immediately.

Dashboard Panels

The pre-built Grafana dashboard includes:

KPI Row:

Total CO₂e emissions
Total cost
Total energy consumption
Active pods count
Active nodes count

Time-Series Charts:

CO₂e emissions over time
Cost trends over time
Energy consumption over time

Namespace Breakdown:

Pie charts for CO₂e distribution by namespace
Pie charts for cost distribution by namespace

Top Pods:

Bar charts for highest-emitting pods
Bar charts for most expensive pods

Node Utilization:

CPU usage per node
Memory usage per node

Grid Intensity:

Carbon intensity over time per zone

Recommendations:

Summary table of optimization suggestions with estimated savings

Customization

The dashboard is fully customizable in Grafana. Common modifications include:

Adjusting time ranges and refresh intervals
Adding alerts on CO₂e thresholds
Filtering by specific namespaces
Adding custom panels using the GreenKube Prometheus metrics

REST API — API endpoints powering the metrics
Dashboard Guide — Built-in web dashboard
Configuration — Monitoring configuration options